Wood Paints and Varnishes

A wood stain penetrates the wood and helps protect it from moisture and weather without forming a film, so it suits exposed timber. Varnish, by contrast, forms a surface film that is more opaque but can peel if not renewed. For a fence or pergola, choose an exterior wood stain and renew it through periodic maintenance.

Water-based stains have a lighter odour and clean up with water, while solvent-based ones tend to penetrate deeper into the wood and dry faster in ventilated spaces. The catalogue includes both versions from Colorchimica. The choice depends on the wood type, the workplace and the existing system. On new wood, check the moisture content before applying the product.

Flatting varnish is a clear wood coating that forms a matt or satin film, and is used to finish furniture and interior surfaces. It is usually applied over a coloured base or primer and protects the surface from wear. The water-based version is easier to clean and has less odour; the solvent-based version tends to give a more resistant film. Check the gloss level on the data sheet.

Nourishing teak oil feeds wood exposed to sun and salt air, keeps its warm colour and helps limit damage from dryness. Apply it to clean, dry wood in thin coats, repeated at an interval that depends on the exposure. On wood already treated with film-forming varnishes, the oil does not adhere well: choose a product compatible with the existing system.

To repair holes, cracks and minor defects in wood, use wood fillers that can be sanded and painted, or wax fillers and pastes that match the tone. Wax filler is easier to touch up on furniture and parquet, while wood paste suits larger gaps. Apply in thin layers and let it dry before sanding.

For parquet and furniture, use polishing waxes, which nourish and add shine without forming a thick film. Spray wax is handy for small surfaces or quick polishing, while parquet wax is spread in thin layers with a cloth and then buffed. A self-polishing protectant is used for quick maintenance. Clean the surface thoroughly before applying.

Wood stains and varnishes contain solvents or volatile compounds. Work in ventilated areas, wear gloves and use a mask with an organic-vapour filter if you spray. Keep containers closed and away from flames. Rags soaked in oil or varnish can self-ignite: lay them out to dry outdoors or submerge them in water before disposal. The safety data sheet lists the hazard statements for the product.